Giant Submucosal Lipoma of the Right Colon Spontaneously Expelled Rectally: Case Report

Colonic lipomas are benign tumors originating in mesenchymal tissue and are considered the second most common benign tumor in the colon after adenomatous polyps. They tend to affect women more; their most frequent location is the right colon. Generally, these lipomas do not exhibit symptoms, but when they reach a considerable size, they can cause manifestations. They can also result in complications such as obstruction, intussusception, and perforation. Since their radiological characteristics are similar to fat, they can be visualized using computed tomography. Still, the final diagnosis is made through colonoscopy, where a fatty mass with an oval shape and elastic capacity is observed. Lesions can be removed endoscopically or surgically. Spontaneous expulsion of a lipoma rectally is rare, and its mechanism is not yet fully understood. Although the literature establishes a cut-off point of 2 cm to decide between endoscopic or laparoscopic resection, the former is increasing and can extend this limit. Surgical resection is recommended in cases such as the one in this article. This case is the biggest reported colonic lipoma (13 cm) expelled spontaneously.

Los lipomas colónicos son tumores benignos que se originan en el tejido mesenquimal y se consideran el segundo tumor benigno más común en el colon, después de los pólipos adenomatosos. Tienden a afectar más a mujeres y su localización más frecuente es el colon derecho. Por lo general, estos lipomas no presentan síntomas, pero cuando alcanzan un tamaño considerable pueden causar manifestaciones. También pueden dar lugar a complicaciones como obstrucción, intususcepción y perforación. Dado que sus características radiológicas son similares a la grasa, pueden ser visualizados mediante tomografía computarizada, aunque el diagnóstico definitivo se realiza mediante colonoscopia, donde se observa una masa grasa con forma ovalada y capacidad elástica. Las lesiones pueden ser extirpadas endoscópicamente o quirúrgicamente. La expulsión espontánea de un lipoma por vía rectal es rara y su mecanismo aún no está completamente comprendido. Aunque la literatura establece un punto de corte de 2 cm para decidir entre resección endoscópica o laparoscópica, la primera está en aumento y puede ampliar este límite. En casos grandes, como el reportado en este artículo, se recomienda una resección quirúrgica. Este caso particular se destaca por ser el lipoma de colon más grande reportado hasta ahora (13 cm) expulsado espontáneamente.

Intususcepción en adulto como complicación de un lipoma parietal intestinal Reporte de caso / Intussusception in an adult as a complication of an intestinal parietal lipoma. case report

Resumen La intususcepción en el adulto es una entidad clínica quirúrgica extremadamente rara, su etiología principal en esta población se atribuye generalmente a origen maligno, la patología benigna es de menor frecuencia y presenta un reto para el diagnóstico prequirúrgico, puesto que su presentación es inespecífica y variable. A continuación, se presenta un caso clínico que debuta con un cuadro clínico de dolor en hipocondrio derecho intermitente, manifestando agudización y resultados de estudios de laboratorio inespecíficos, por lo que inicialmente se pensó que la razón del dolor era una patología de origen biliar y, por ende, se realizó una ecografía de hígado y vías biliares, con lo que observaron signos sugestivos de intususcepción secundaria a un lipoma, por lo que se realizó una tomografía de abdomen simple que corroboró el diagnóstico.

Abstract Intussusception in adults is an extremely rare surgical clinical entity, its main etiology in this population is generally attributed to malignant origin, benign pathology is less frequent and presents a challenge for pre-surgical diagnosis, since its presentation is non-specific and variable. Below is a clinical case that debuted with a clinical picture of intermittent pain in the right upper quadrant, manifesting exacerbation and non-specific laboratory tests, for which initially pathology of biliary origin was thought to be the reason for the pain, and therefore, an ultrasound of the liver and bile ducts was performed, observing signs suggestive of intussusception secondary to a lipoma, for which a simple abdominal tomography was performed to corroborate the diagnosis.

Left paratesticular mass mimicking polyorchidism: A case report

We report a rare case of primary scrotal lipoma in a 20-year-old patient which clinically mimics a left triorchidism. The patients presented with the left testicular swelling and the ultrasonography of the scrotum revealed an inhomogeneous hyperechoic mass with an inconclusive report. The left scrotal hemi exploration was planned, and intraoperatively, it was found to be a paratesticular mass with an equivalent size corresponding to the left testicle, separate from the left testicle. The histopathology confirms the lipomatous swelling. The post-operative period remains uneventful and the patient has been on follow-up for the past 1 year with no relapse

Hamartoma lipomatoso pancreático: Reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura

Los hamartomas pancreáticos (HP) son lesiones no neoplásicas extremadamente inusuales y representan < 1% de todos los hamartomas. Además, existe una variante distintiva denominada Hamartoma Lipomatoso Pancreático (HLP), que es aún más raro, con solo 5 casos, incluyendo el presente reporte, descritos en la literatura. HLP carecen de características específicas y clínicamente puede ser confundido con otras lesiones lipomatosas pancreáticas, como lipoma, lipomatosis pancreática, PEComa, liposarcoma y tumores malignos con componentes lipomatosos. El presente reporte describe un caso de HLP en un paciente varón de 70 años, que aquejaba de dolor y masa abdominal, preoperatoriamente diagnosticado como tumor neuroendocrino de bajo grado no funcionante pancreático. Subsecuentemente, fue sometido a enucleación laparoscópica del tumor. El reporte patológico postoperatorio y los estudios de inmunohistoquímica confirmaron el diagnóstico de HLP.

Pancreatic hamartomas (PH) are extremely unusual non-neoplastic tumor-like lesions and accounts for <1% of all hamartomas. Moreover, there is a distinct variant of PH denominated Pancreatic lipomatous hamartoma (PLH), that is even rarer, with only 5 cases, including the present case, reported in the literature. PLH lacks well-defined features and clinically can be mistaken with other lipomatous lesions of the pancreas, including lipoma, pancreatic lipomatosis, PEComa, liposarcoma, and malignant tumors with lipomatous components. Here, we describe a case of PLH in a 70-year-old male with abdominal pain and a lesion, which was preoperatively diagnosed as a pancreatic no functional low-grade neuroendocrine tumor, and subsequent underwent a laparoscopic enucleation of the tumor. The postoperative pathology and immunohistochemical analyses confirmed the diagnosis of PLH.

EGFR, VEGF, and angiogenesis promote the development of lipoma in the oral cavity

Abstract This study aimed to detect, quantify and compare the immunohistochemical expression of EGFR and VEGF and microvessel count (MVC) in oral lipomas, and to correlate the findings with clinical and morphological characteristics of the cases studied. The sample consisted of 54 oral lipomas (33 classic and 21 non-classic) and 23 normal adipose tissue specimens. Cytoplasmic and/or nuclear immunohistochemical staining of EGFR and VEGF was analyzed. The angiogenic index was determined by MVC. Cells were counted using the Image J® software. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences was used for data analysis, adopting a level of significance of 5% for all statistical tests. A statistically significant difference in EGFR immunoexpression (p=0.047), especially, between classic lipomas and normal adipose tissue. There was a significant difference in MVC between non-classic lipomas and normal adipose tissue (p=0.022). In non-classic lipomas, only VEGF immunoexpression showed a significant moderate positive correlation (r=0.607, p=0.01) with MVC. In classic lipomas, the number of EGFR-immunostained adipocytes was directly proportional to the number of VEGF-positive cells, demonstrating a significant moderate positive correlation (r=0.566, p=0.005). The results suggest that EGFR, VEGF, and angiogenesis participate in the development of oral lipomas but are not primarily involved in the growth of these tumors.

Resumo Lipomas são as neoplasias mesenquimais benignas mais comuns, no entanto sua etiopatogenia ainda permanece desconhecida. Dessa forma, essa pesquisa teve como objetivo detectar, quantificar e comparar a expressão imunoistoquímica do EGFR, VEGF e contagem microvascular (MVC) dos lipomas orais, relacionando-os com as características clínicas e morfológicas dos casos estudados. A amostra foi composta por 54 lipomas orais (33 clássicos e 21 não clássicos) e 23 casos de tecido adiposo normal. A análise da expressão imunoistoquímica de EGFR e VEGF foi fundamentada na marcação citoplasmática e/ou nuclear. O índice angiogênico foi avaliado por meio da MVC. A contagem de células foi realizada utilizando software IMAGE J®. Os dados obtidos foram analisados no software Statistical Package for Social Science. O nível se significância de 5% foi adotado para os testes estatístico. A análise da imunoexpressão das proteínas revelou para o EGFR diferença estatisticamente significativa (p=0,041) entre o lipoma clássico e o tecido adiposo normal. Houve diferença significativa na MVC entre lipomas não clássicos e tecido adiposo normal (p=0,022). Nos lipomas não clássicos, apenas a imunoexpressão de VEGF apresentou correlação do tipo moderada, positiva e significativa (r=0,607; p=0,010) em relação a MVC. Ademais, nos lipomas clássicos foi percebido que os adipócitos imunomarcados para EGFR estiveram diretamente proporcionais a imunoexpressão de VEGF, apresentando correlação do tipo moderada, positiva e estatisticamente significativa (r=0,566; p = 0,005). Com base nos resultados, pode-se sugerir que o EGFR, VEGFR e MCV participam do desenvolvimento nos lipomas orais, contudo, não estão primariamente envolvidos no crescimento tumoral dessas neoplasias.

Lipoma de recto prolapsado e incarcerado: caso clínico y análisis de la literatura / Prolapsed and incarcerated rectal lipoma: case report and literature review / Prolapso e encarceramento de lipoma do reto: caso clínico e análise da literatura

Los lipomas colónicos son tumores benignos poco frecuentes, extremadamente raros a nivel rectal. A pesar de ello, ocupan el segundo lugar en frecuencia detrás de los pólipos adenomatosos. Aunque la mayoría de los lipomas colorrectales son asintomáticos y se descubren incidentalmente, en ocasiones pueden ser sintomáticos y determinar complicaciones agudas que requieren tratamiento quirúrgico de urgencia. Estas formas de presentación pueden confundirse con las del cáncer colorrectal, constituyendo un desafío diagnóstico y terapéutico. Presentamos el caso de una paciente que consultó en emergencia por una gran masa dolorosa de aparición aguda a nivel del ano, resultando ser un lipoma rectal prolapsado a través del canal anal.

Colonic lipomas are infrequent benign tumors, extremely rare at the rectum. Nevertheless, they follow in frequency polyp adenomas. Even though most colorectal lipomas are asymptomatic and incidental, they can occasionally be symptomatic and develop acute complications that require urgent surgical treatment. This form of presentation can be confounded with colorectal cancer, therefore impairing diagnosis and treatment. We present the case of a female patient who came to the emergency room with an acute painful mass through the anus, that resulted in a prolapsed rectal lipoma.

Os lipomas colônicos são tumores benignos pouco frequentes, extremamente raros no nível retal. Apesar disso, ocupam o segundo lugar em frequência atrás dos pólipos adenomatosos. Embora a maioria dos lipomas colorretais sejam assintomáticos e descobertos incidentalmente, às vezes eles podem ser sintomáticos e levar a complicações agudas que requerem tratamento cirúrgico de emergência. Essas formas de apresentação podem ser confundidas com as do câncer colorretal, constituindo um desafio diagnóstico e terapêutico. Apresentamos o caso de um paciente que consultou na sala de emergência por uma grande massa dolorosa de início agudo ao nível do ânus, que acabou por ser um lipoma retal prolapsado pelo canal anal.

Intraoral lipoma with degenerative changes mimicking atypical lipomatous tumor: an immunohistochemical study

ABSTRACT Lipomas are mesenchymal neoplasms relatively uncommon in the oral cavity. Lipomas can exhibit histopathological features mimicking atypical lipomatous tumors (ALT) or dysplastic lipoma (DL) in the presence of degenerative changes. Relevantly, immunohistochemistry assists in the correct diagnosis. Herein, we present the case of a 54-year-old male with a sessile nodule located on the dorsum of the tongue. The histopathological analysis showed a diffuse, non-circumscribed adipocytic proliferation constituted by cells of variable size containing cytoplasmic vacuoles and displaced nuclei, some resembling lipoblasts supported by fibrous connective tissue stroma. By immunohistochemistry, tumor cells were positive for vimentin, S100, FASN, CD10, and p16. Rb expression was intact. Moreover, CD34, p53, MDM2, and CDK4 were negative. After 2-year of follow-up, no alteration or recurrence was observed. In conclusion, MDM2, CDK4, p53, and Rb immunomarkers can be used reliably to differentiate benign lipoma with degenerative changes from ALT and DL.

Extenso lipoma em localização incomum e com 10 anos de evolução: relato de caso / Extensive lipoma in unusual location and with 10 years of evolution: case report / Lipoma extenso en localización inusual y con 10 años de evolución: informe de un caso

O lipoma é um tumor benigno de gordura que representa a neoplasia mesenquimal mais comum e pode acometer a região de cabeça e pescoço. São mais frequentes em indivíduos obesos, entretanto, o metabolismo dos lipomas é independente da gordura corpórea normal. Caracterizam-se como aumentos de volume nodulares de superfície lisa e consistência macia que podem ser sesséis ou pedunculados, são normalmente assintomáticos e os sítios de acometimento menos comuns incluem a língua, o assoalho da boca e os lábios. Dessa forma, o presente artigo tem como objetivo relatar um caso clínico de lipoma com anos de evolução e localizado em uma região incomum. A paciente do sexo feminino foi encaminhada para a Clínica de Estomatologia da Faculdade de Odontologia do Campus UFC-Sobral relatando que apresentava a lesão desde o ano de 2010 e afirmando que nunca realizou tratamento prévio e que não havia fator causal conhecido. Ao exame clínico observou-se uma lesão nodular de cor amarelada, medindo cerca de 1,5cm localizada na região de borda lateral, ventre e dorso de língua do lado direito compatível com a hipótese diagnóstica de lipoma. Nesse sentido, a partir da anamnese e dos achados clínicos optou-se por realizar a biópsia excisional para confirmação do diagnóstico. Com os resultados da biópsia houve a comprovação da hipótese diagnóstica, e sendo assim, não houve necessidade de tratamentos adicionais. Portanto, a partir desse caso pode-se perceber que o lipoma pode ser uma lesão que pode perdurar por vários anos sem maiores complicações, entretanto pode atingir grandes dimensões e nesses casos o tratamento cirúrgico se faz necessário.

Lipoma is a benign fat tumor that represents the most common mesenchymal neoplasm and can affect the head and neck region. They are more frequent in obese individuals, however, the metabolism of lipomas is independent of normal body fat. They are characterized as smooth-surfaced nodular masses that can be sessile or pedunculated, are usually asymptomatic, and the less common sites of involvement include the tongue, the floor of the mouth, and the lips. Thus, the present article aims to report a clinical case of a lipoma with years of evolution and located in an uncommon region. The female patient was referred to the Stomatology Clinic of the School of Dentistry, UFC-Sobral Campus reporting that she presented the lesion since the year 2010 and stating that she had never undergone previous treatment and that there was no known causal factor. On clinical examination we observed a yellowish nodular lesion measuring about 1.5cm located in the region of the lateral border, belly and dorsum of the tongue on the right side compatible with the diagnostic hypothesis of lipoma. Therefore, based on the anamnesis and clinical findings, it was decided to perform an excisional biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. With the results of the biopsy, the diagnostic hypothesis was confirmed, and thus there was no need for additional treatments. Therefore, from this case we can see that lipoma can be a lesion that can last for several years without major complications, however, it can reach large dimensions and in these cases surgical treatment is necessary.

El lipoma es un tumor graso benigno que representa la neoplasia mesenquimatosa más frecuente y puede afectar a la región de cabeza y cuello. Son más frecuentes en individuos obesos, sin embargo, el metabolismo de los lipomas es independiente de la grasa corporal normal. Se caracterizan por ser masas nodulares de superficie lisa que pueden ser sésiles o pediculadas, suelen ser asintomáticas y los lugares menos frecuentes de afectación incluyen la lengua, el suelo de la boca y los labios. Así, el presente artículo pretende informar de un caso clínico de lipoma de años de evolución y localizado en una región poco frecuente. La paciente fue referida a la Clínica de Estomatología de la Facultad de Odontología, Campus UFC-Sobral informando que presentaba la lesión desde 2010 y afirmando que nunca había sido sometida a tratamiento previo y que no existía factor causal conocido. El examen clínico reveló una lesión nodular de color amarillento, de aproximadamente 1,5 cm localizada en la región del borde lateral, vientre y dorso de la lengua del lado derecho compatible con la hipótesis diagnóstica de lipoma. Por lo tanto, basándonos en la anamnesis y los hallazgos clínicos, decidimos realizar una biopsia excisional para confirmar el diagnóstico. Con los resultados de la biopsia se confirmó la hipótesis diagnóstica, por lo que no hubo necesidad de tratamiento adicional. Por lo tanto, a partir de este caso podemos ver que el lipoma puede ser una lesión que puede durar varios años sin mayores complicaciones, sin embargo, puede alcanzar grandes dimensiones y en estos casos es necesario el tratamiento quirúrgico.

AN UNUSUAL PRESENTATION OF LIPOMA ON THE CHEST

Intramuscular lipoma of the chest wall is a rare finding. We present the case of a 51years male who presented to the hospital with mass on the left side of the chest which was gradually progressive in size. After re- evaluation swelling was round in shape, single with well-defined margin and rubbery consistency. Preoperative imaging HRCT thorax was done which suggested a well-defined round, hypodense, non-enhancing space occupying lesion (10.2x 8.6 x2.3cm) with volume of approximately 100ml noted in the muscle of the chest wall (pectoralis major to pectoralis minor) in the left side of the chest most likely lipoma. Histopathology revealed normal adipocytes with small eccentric nucleus.

Lipoma cardiaco / Cardiac masses

Resumen Las masas cardiacas son entidades raras que cursan con un espectro muy variado de manifestaciones clínicas que van desde cuadros asintomáticos hasta compromiso hemodinámico severo. Entre las lesiones benignas, los lipomas cardiacos son los segundos en frecuencia. Corresponden principalmente a lesiones neoplásicas benignas; no obstante, se pueden presentar otras patologías como trombos, vegetaciones y variantes de la normalidad. Gracias a la disponibilidad de técnicas de imagen de alta definición, como la ecocardiografía, la TC y la RM, ha aumentado su detección y tratamiento temprano. En el ámbito terapéutico se ofrece manejo quirúrgico, pues las imágenes no permiten la caracterización y diferenciación fidedigna de la naturaleza de las masas cardiacas. Se describe el caso de una paciente sin antecedentes cardiovasculares, con historial de disnea crónica, en quien se identificó, a través de estudios imagenológicos, masa cardiaca adosada al ventrículo con deformación leve de cavidades derechas. Fue llevada a resección quirúrgica y por histopatología se confirmó lipoma. Este hallazgo es el más infrecuente de todos los tumores cardíacos benignos. Se resalta la importancia del conocimiento de esta enfermedad para dar tratamiento eficaz y oportuno en aras de evitar complicaciones que impacten en morbimortalidad.

Abstract Cardiac masses are rare entities that present with a very varied spectrum of clinical manifestations that go from asymptomatic to pictures with severe hemodynamic compromise, within these, cardiac lipomas are the second in frequency within benign lesions. They mainly correspond to benign neoplastic lesions, however, other pathologies such as thrombi, vegetations and variants of normality can occur. Thanks to the availability of high-definition imaging techniques, echocardiography, CT and MRI have increased early detection and treatment. In the therapeutic field, surgical management is offered, since the images do not allow the characterization and reliable differentiation of the nature of cardia masses. It is described the case of a patient with no cardiovascular history, with chronic dyspnea, in whom the presence of CM attached to the ventricle with slight deformation of the right cavities is identified by imaging studies. Was taken to surgical resection confirming the presence of lipoma by histopathology, being this finding the rarest of all benign cardiac tumors. We highlight the importance of knowing this pathology to provide effective and timely treatment to avoid complications that impact morbidity and mortality.

Ethical and Clinical Dilemma from an Incidental Cardiac Lipoma in a Young and Healthy Patient

Incidental cardiac tumors are rare and mostly detected on autopsy as patients largely remain asymptomatic. However, diagnosis of an incidental cardiac mass on unrelated workup can pose significant ethical and clinical challenge to the care team. Surgical resection has been the most successful intervention for most primary cardiac tumors; which involves cardiopulmonary bypass?assisted major surgery and is not risk free. Cardiac lipoma is the second most common primary cardiac benign tumor. We report a case of a young otherwise healthy patient who had a cardiac lipoma on computerized tomography scan that was done to rule out kidney stone.

Lipoma gigante: tratamento cirúrgico / Giant lipoma: surgical treatment

Introdução: Lipomas gigantes (>1000g), embora raros, têm importância médica relevante, pois podem acometer qualquer região do corpo e ser diagnosticados em fases avançadas, nas quais há comprometimento funcional. Eles também podem ser confundidos com neoplasias malignas de tecidos moles. Ademais, a história natural de surgimento e evolução de lipomas gigantes ainda não é exatamente conhecida, o que justifica a realização de estudos adicionais. O objetivo do corrente estudo é apresentar os resultados do tratamento cirúrgico de um caso de lipoma gigante. Relato de Caso: Relato de caso ocorrido no serviço de cirurgia plástica do Hospital Roberto Santos em Salvador, Bahia, no ano de 2016. Homem de 62 anos, lavrador, 1,80m de altura, 74kg, com tumoração dorsal de 35cm de diâmetro, avaliado por meio de história clínica e exame de tomografia computadorizada e submetido a excisão elíptica e fechamento em plástica em W. Não houve complicações pós-operatórias. A histopatologia confirmou o diagnóstico de lipoma gigante (2881g). Os resultados pós-cirúrgicos foram considerados excelentes pelo paciente e equipe cirúrgica. Conclusão: O lipoma gigante foi removido satisfatoriamente sem complicações, com excelentes resultados funcionais e estéticos.

Introduction: Giant lipomas (>1000g), although rare, have relevant medical importance, as they can affect any region of the body and are diagnosed in advanced stages, in which there is functional impairment. They can also be confused with malignant soft tissue neoplasms. Furthermore, the natural history of the emergence and evolution of giant lipomas is still not exactly known, which justifies further studies. The current study aims to present the results of the surgical treatment of a case of giant lipoma. Case Report: Case report that occurred in the plastic surgery service of the Roberto Santos Hospital in Salvador, Bahia, in the year 2016. A 62-year-old male farmer, 1.80 m tall, 74 kg, with a dorsal tumor measuring 35 cm in diameter, evaluated through clinical history and computed tomography examination and submitted to elliptical excision and plastic closure in W. There were no postoperative complications. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of giant lipoma (2881g). Post-surgical results were considered excellent by the patient and surgical team. Conclusion: The giant lipoma was satisfactorily removed without complications, with excellent functional and aesthetic results.

Tratamiento quirúrgico de fibrolipoma gigante de espalda / Surgical treatment of giant fibrolipoma of the back

Introducción: Los lipomas son los tumores más numerosos de tejidos blandos. Se presenta un caso con enfermedad de Hoffman-Zurhelle asociado a lipoma gigante en región toracodorsal y lipomatosis tratado quirúrgicamente de conjunto con las especialidades de cirugía plástica y cirugía general del Hospital Ameijeiras. Objetivo: Mostrar los resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico de exéresis de tumor gigante de espalda. Caso clínico: Paciente masculino de 34 años de edad que se le realizó bajo anestesia general disección del colgajo dermograso en sentido cefálico hasta línea paravertebral y cuello. Se respetó un centímetro de grosor, abordaje a nivel de la interfase del músculo trapecio y dorsal ancho. Se identificó la cápsula del lipoma que se independizó de las fibras musculares y del plano profundo hasta realizar su exéresis y de la piel excedente con nevo lipomatoso cutáneo superficial. Cierre por planos sin tensión. Conclusiones: Se logró la resección de un fibrolipoma gigante en espalda con una planificación cuidadosa que respetó el aporte vascular de los colgajos, la cobertura cutánea sin tensión y conservó la función muscular en ausencia de complicaciones(AU)

Introduction: Lipomas are the most numerous soft tissue tumors. We present a case of Hoffman-Zurhelle disease associated with giant lipoma in the thoracodorsal region and lipomatosis treated surgically in conjunction with the plastic surgery and general surgery specialties of the Ameijeiras Hospital. Objective: To show the results of surgical treatment of excision of a giant tumor of the back. Clinical case: A 34-year-old male patient underwent dissection of the dermographic flap in cephalic direction up to the paravertebral line and neck under general anesthesia. One centimeter thickness was respected, approaching at the level of the trapezius and latissimus dorsi muscle interface. The lipoma capsule was identified and became independent of the muscle fibers and the deep plane until it was excised, as well as the excess skin with superficial cutaneous lipomatous nevus. Closure by planes without tension. Conclusions: Resection of a giant fibrolipoma on the back was achieved with careful planning that respected the vascular supply of the flaps, the skin coverage without tension and preserved muscle function in the absence of complications(AU)

Apéndice cutáneo sacro asociado a lipoma del filum terminal y médula anclada: un caso de diagnóstico prenatal

Los disrafismos espinales cerrados tienen una prevalencia aún desconocida e involucran una gran variedad de formas. El lipoma del filum terminal es considerado dentro de los lipomas espinales y suele asociarse a médula anclada. Los estigmas cutáneos lumbosacros no siempre son indicadores de disrafismo espinal cerrado. Reportamos un caso de diagnóstico prenatal de apéndice cutáneo sacro con sospecha de médula anclada, confirmado al nacer como lipoma del filum terminal con médula anclada.

Closed spinal dysraphisms have a still unknown prevalence and involve a wide variety of forms. Lipoma of the filum terminale is considered within spinal lipomas and is usually associated with tethered medulla. Lumbosacral cutaneous stigmata are not always indicative of closed spinal dysraphism. We report a case of prenatal diagnosis of sacral cutaneous appendage with suspected tethered cord, confirmed at birth as lipoma of the filum terminale with tethered cord.

Lipomas gigantes da mão, série de casos / Giant lipomas of the hand, case series

Introdução: Os lipomas são esporádicos na mão e representam menos de 5% dos tumores de partes moles nesta topografia. Os lipomas gigantes, ainda menos comuns, são definidos por terem um diâmetro maior do que 5cm. Métodos: Executamos uma análise retrospectiva dos casos de pacientes com lipomas gigantes de mão, atendidos no período de 2017-2020, no Hospital Pasteur e Hospital de Clínicas, em Montevidéu, Uruguai. Resultados: Obtivemos quatro pacientes no período estudado. A idade de apresentação foi entre 51 e 62 anos (média de 57 anos). Três dos lipomas eram intramusculares profundos e um era superficial aos músculos regionais. O maior possuía eixo mais extenso de 70mm. Todos eram sintomáticos. A ressecção marginal foi realizada em todos eles, e o pós-operatório transcorreu sem intercorrências ou recorrências. A histopatologia confirmou lipoma típico em três casos, e lipoma com metaplasia óssea no outro. Conclusão: Lipomas gigantes de mão se apresentam como tumores indolores e de crescimento lento, que podem ser sintomáticos ao comprimir estruturas adjacentes. A ressonância magnética é o estudo de imagem escolhido para estes casos. O tratamento aplicável é a ressecção cirúrgica marginal e a recorrência é pouco comum.

Introduction: Lipomas are sporadic in hand and represent less than 5% of soft tissue tumors in this topography. Giant lipomas, even less common, are defined as having a diameter greater than 5 cm. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of the cases of patients with giant lipomas of the hand seen in the period 2017-2020, at Hospital Pasteur and Hospital de Clínicas, in Montevideo, Uruguay. Results: We obtained four patients during the study period. The age of presentation was between 51 and 62 years (mean 57 years). Three lipomas were deep intramuscular, and one was superficial to the regional muscles. The largest had a longer axle of 70mm. All were symptomatic. Marginal resection was performed in all of them, and the postoperative period was uneventful or recurrent. Histopathology confirmed typical lipoma in three cases and lipoma with bone metaplasia in the other. Conclusion: Giant lipomas of the hand present as painless, slow-growing tumors that may be symptomatic when compressing adjacent structures. Magnetic resonance imaging is the imaging study of choice for these cases. The applicable treatment is marginal surgical resection, and recurrence is uncommon.

Doença de Madelung: abordagem cirúrgica combinada de lipectomia e lipoaspiração / Madelung's disease: combined surgical approach of lipectomy and liposuction

A doença de Madelung (DM) ou lipomatose simétrica múltipla é uma patologia caracterizada pelo acúmulo de tecido adiposo não encapsulado e depositado simetricamente ao redor do pescoço e tronco superior (tipo I - forma mais comum). Sua etiologia ainda é pouco esclarecida, porém apresenta evidente associação com o consumo crônico excessivo de bebidas alcoólicas. As deformidades físicas são o que levam o paciente a buscar serviço médico, juntamente com eventuais sintomas de acometimento cervical como redução de mobilidade e afecções respiratórias. O diagnóstico da lipomatose simétrica múltipla é clínico, podendo ser complementado com exame de imagem para afastar demais hipóteses diagnósticas e avaliar a extensão do acometimento. O tratamento pode ser realizado por duas modalidades: clínico ou cirúrgico (lipectomia ou lipoaspiração). Relata-se o caso de paciente com lipomatose simétrica múltipla tipo I abordado cirurgicamente com ambas as técnicas: lipectomia cervical e lipoaspiração abdominal. Paciente evoluiu de maneira satisfatória, com redução de queixas e sem recidivas até o presente momento.

Madelung's disease or Multiple Symmetric Lipomatosis is a condition characterized by the accumulation of unencapsulated adipose tissue deposited symmetrically around the neck and upper trunk (type I - most common form). Its etiology is still unclear, but it is clearly associated with chronic excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages. Physical deformities lead the patient to seek medical care, along with possible symptoms of cervical involvement such as reduced mobility and respiratory disorders. Multiple Symmetric Lipomatosis diagnosis is clinical and can be complemented with imaging to rule out other diagnostic hypotheses and assess the extent of involvement. Treatment can be performed in two ways: clinical or surgical (lipectomy or liposuction). We report the case of a patient with Multiple Symmetric Lipomatosis type I surgically treated with both techniques: cervical lipectomy and abdominal liposuction. The patient evolved satisfactorily, with a reduction in complaints and no recurrences so far.

Radiculopatía asociada a tumor intrarraquídeo extradural en adolescente / Adolescent radiculopathy associated with extradural intraspinal tumor

Resumen: Introducción: Los procesos expansivos intrarraquídeos suelen tener una evolución insidiosa que dificultan su diagnóstico precoz. Los tumores intrarraquídeos son clasificados de acuerdo con su localización en el conducto raquídeo: extradural e intradural, y éstos se clasifican en extramedular e intramedular. Al comienzo, pueden provocar cuadros de dolor poco específicos y, a veces, dolores de tipo radicular. El paciente podrá tener síntomas como: pérdida de fuerza, pérdida de equilibrio, pérdida de sensibilidad y disturbios esfinterianos. Las neoplasias intrarraquídeas, cuando son diagnosticadas, tienen indicación de tratamiento quirúrgico. Material y métodos: Se describe el caso clínico de adolescente masculino de 14 años, dolor en región lumbar desde hace cuatro años, de inicio insidioso, intermitente, progresivo, que se exacerba hace seis meses, con irradiación a extremidades inferiores, que se acompaña de parestesias y paresias progresivas de predominio en extremidad inferior derecha. Resultados: Se realiza laminotomía L4 y L5 bilateral, exploración y resección de tumoración y liberación de raíces nerviosas. Se obtiene tumor de características similares a tejido adiposo en donde se observa amplia red vascular en su interior, con tamaño aproximado de 14 × 10 × 4 mm de forma ovoide, aplanada con superficie lisa y brillante. Conclusión: Los tumores raquimedulares son tumores relativamente raros; sin embargo, de estos tumores, la localización intrarraquídea extradural corresponde a la mitad de los casos. En nuestro paciente, se integró el diagnóstico de lipoma del filum terminale, el cual corresponde a menos de 1% de todos los tumores de la columna vertebral.

Abstract: Introduction: Expansive intra-spinal processes usually have an insidious course that makes their early diagnosis difficult. Intra-spinal tumors are classified according to their location in the spinal canal: extradural and intradural, and these are classified as extramedullary and intramedullary. At the beginning, they can cause non-specific pain conditions and, sometimes, root-type pain. The patient may have symptoms such as: loss of strength, loss of balance, loss of sensation, sphincter disorders. Intra-spinal neoplasms, when diagnosed, have an indication for surgical treatment. Material and methods: The clinical case of a 14-year-old male adolescent is described, pain in the lumbar region for four years, of insidious onset, intermittent, progressive, exacerbated six months ago, with radiation to the lower extremities, which is accompanied by progressive paresthesia and paresis predominantly in the lower right limb. Results: Bilateral L4 and L5 laminotomy is performed, exploration and resection of the tumor and release of nerve roots. Tumor with characteristics similar to adipose tissue is obtained, where a wide vascular network is observed inside, with an approximate size of 14 × 10 × 4 mm, ovoid in shape, flattened with a smooth and shiny surface. Conclusion: Spinal tumors are relatively rare tumors, however, of these tumors, the extradural intraspinal location accounts for half of the cases. In our patient, the diagnosis of lipoma of the filum terminale was integrated, which corresponds to less than 1% of all tumors of the spine.

Extensive Giant Lipoma of Oropharynx

@#Lipoma is a benign, slow growing tumour composed of adipose tissue. In general, it is very unusual for lipoma to form in the head and neck region, let alone achieve a size of more than 10 cm with the involvement of deep neck spaces. We discussed a case of an extremely huge neck lipoma measuring 18 cm x 14 cm with extensive involvement of deep neck spaces, infratemporal fossa and pharynx, closely adherent to submandibular and parotid gland. The diagnostic and therapeutic challenges were discussed, in achieving a surgically complete excision and cosmetically acceptable outcome